Optimal. Leaf size=124 \[ -\frac{\left (16 a c+15 b^2+10 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{48 c^3}-\frac{b \left (12 a c+5 b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b-2 c x^2}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}\right )}{32 c^{7/2}}-\frac{x^4 \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{6 c} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.113001, antiderivative size = 124, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 21, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.238, Rules used = {1114, 742, 779, 621, 204} \[ -\frac{\left (16 a c+15 b^2+10 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{48 c^3}-\frac{b \left (12 a c+5 b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b-2 c x^2}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}\right )}{32 c^{7/2}}-\frac{x^4 \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{6 c} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1114
Rule 742
Rule 779
Rule 621
Rule 204
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{x^7}{\sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx &=\frac{1}{2} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{x^3}{\sqrt{a+b x-c x^2}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=-\frac{x^4 \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{6 c}-\frac{\operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{x \left (-2 a-\frac{5 b x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt{a+b x-c x^2}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{6 c}\\ &=-\frac{x^4 \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{6 c}-\frac{\left (15 b^2+16 a c+10 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{48 c^3}+\frac{\left (b \left (5 b^2+12 a c\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a+b x-c x^2}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{32 c^3}\\ &=-\frac{x^4 \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{6 c}-\frac{\left (15 b^2+16 a c+10 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{48 c^3}+\frac{\left (b \left (5 b^2+12 a c\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-4 c-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac{b-2 c x^2}{\sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}\right )}{16 c^3}\\ &=-\frac{x^4 \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{6 c}-\frac{\left (15 b^2+16 a c+10 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}{48 c^3}-\frac{b \left (5 b^2+12 a c\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b-2 c x^2}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}\right )}{32 c^{7/2}}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [A] time = 0.075698, size = 107, normalized size = 0.86 \[ \frac{-2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4} \left (8 c \left (2 a+c x^4\right )+15 b^2+10 b c x^2\right )-3 b \left (12 a c+5 b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b-2 c x^2}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}\right )}{96 c^{7/2}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A] time = 0.17, size = 168, normalized size = 1.4 \begin{align*} -{\frac{{x}^{4}}{6\,c}\sqrt{-c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}-{\frac{5\,b{x}^{2}}{24\,{c}^{2}}\sqrt{-c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}-{\frac{5\,{b}^{2}}{16\,{c}^{3}}\sqrt{-c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}+{\frac{5\,{b}^{3}}{32}\arctan \left ({\sqrt{c} \left ({x}^{2}-{\frac{b}{2\,c}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{-c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}}} \right ){c}^{-{\frac{7}{2}}}}+{\frac{3\,ab}{8}\arctan \left ({\sqrt{c} \left ({x}^{2}-{\frac{b}{2\,c}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{-c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}}} \right ){c}^{-{\frac{5}{2}}}}-{\frac{a}{3\,{c}^{2}}\sqrt{-c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F(-2)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A] time = 1.59295, size = 572, normalized size = 4.61 \begin{align*} \left [-\frac{3 \,{\left (5 \, b^{3} + 12 \, a b c\right )} \sqrt{-c} \log \left (8 \, c^{2} x^{4} - 8 \, b c x^{2} + b^{2} - 4 \, \sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}{\left (2 \, c x^{2} - b\right )} \sqrt{-c} - 4 \, a c\right ) + 4 \,{\left (8 \, c^{3} x^{4} + 10 \, b c^{2} x^{2} + 15 \, b^{2} c + 16 \, a c^{2}\right )} \sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{192 \, c^{4}}, -\frac{3 \,{\left (5 \, b^{3} + 12 \, a b c\right )} \sqrt{c} \arctan \left (\frac{\sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}{\left (2 \, c x^{2} - b\right )} \sqrt{c}}{2 \,{\left (c^{2} x^{4} - b c x^{2} - a c\right )}}\right ) + 2 \,{\left (8 \, c^{3} x^{4} + 10 \, b c^{2} x^{2} + 15 \, b^{2} c + 16 \, a c^{2}\right )} \sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{96 \, c^{4}}\right ] \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{x^{7}}{\sqrt{a + b x^{2} - c x^{4}}}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [A] time = 1.31004, size = 159, normalized size = 1.28 \begin{align*} -\frac{1}{48} \, \sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}{\left (2 \, x^{2}{\left (\frac{4 \, x^{2}}{c} + \frac{5 \, b}{c^{2}}\right )} + \frac{15 \, b^{2} c + 16 \, a c^{2}}{c^{4}}\right )} - \frac{{\left (5 \, b^{3} c + 12 \, a b c^{2}\right )} \log \left ({\left | 2 \,{\left (\sqrt{-c} x^{2} - \sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}\right )} \sqrt{-c} + b \right |}\right )}{32 \, \sqrt{-c} c^{4}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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